import os
import subprocess
import sys
import threading
import time
from itertools import chain

from ._compat import iteritems
from ._compat import PY2
from ._compat import text_type
from ._internal import _log


def _iter_module_files():
    """This iterates over all relevant Python files.  It goes through all
    loaded files from modules, all files in folders of already loaded modules
    as well as all files reachable through a package.
    """
    # The list call is necessary on Python 3 in case the module
    # dictionary modifies during iteration.
    for module in list(sys.modules.values()):
        if module is None:
            continue
        filename = getattr(module, "__file__", None)
        if filename:
            if os.path.isdir(filename) and os.path.exists(
                os.path.join(filename, "__init__.py")
            ):
                filename = os.path.join(filename, "__init__.py")

            old = None
            while not os.path.isfile(filename):
                old = filename
                filename = os.path.dirname(filename)
                if filename == old:
                    break
            else:
                if filename[-4:] in (".pyc", ".pyo"):
                    filename = filename[:-1]
                yield filename


def _find_observable_paths(extra_files=None):
    """Finds all paths that should be observed."""
    rv = set(
        os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(x)) if os.path.isfile(x) else os.path.abspath(x)
        for x in sys.path
    )

    for filename in extra_files or ():
        rv.add(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(filename)))

    for module in list(sys.modules.values()):
        fn = getattr(module, "__file__", None)
        if fn is None:
            continue
        fn = os.path.abspath(fn)
        rv.add(os.path.dirname(fn))

    return _find_common_roots(rv)


def _get_args_for_reloading():
    """Determine how the script was executed, and return the args needed
    to execute it again in a new process.
    """
    rv = [sys.executable]
    py_script = sys.argv[0]
    args = sys.argv[1:]
    # Need to look at main module to determine how it was executed.
    __main__ = sys.modules["__main__"]

    # The value of __package__ indicates how Python was called. It may
    # not exist if a setuptools script is installed as an egg.
    if getattr(__main__, "__package__", None) is None:
        # Executed a file, like "python app.py".
        py_script = os.path.abspath(py_script)

        if os.name == "nt":
            # Windows entry points have ".exe" extension and should be
            # called directly.
            if not os.path.exists(py_script) and os.path.exists(py_script + ".exe"):
                py_script += ".exe"

            if (
                os.path.splitext(rv[0])[1] == ".exe"
                and os.path.splitext(py_script)[1] == ".exe"
            ):
                rv.pop(0)

        rv.append(py_script)
    else:
        # Executed a module, like "python -m werkzeug.serving".
        if sys.argv[0] == "-m":
            # Flask works around previous behavior by putting
            # "-m flask" in sys.argv.
            # TODO remove this once Flask no longer misbehaves
            args = sys.argv
        else:
            if os.path.isfile(py_script):
                # Rewritten by Python from "-m script" to "/path/to/script.py".
                py_module = __main__.__package__
                name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(py_script))[0]

                if name != "__main__":
                    py_module += "." + name
            else:
                # Incorrectly rewritten by pydevd debugger from "-m script" to "script".
                py_module = py_script

            rv.extend(("-m", py_module.lstrip(".")))

    rv.extend(args)
    return rv


def _find_common_roots(paths):
    """Out of some paths it finds the common roots that need monitoring."""
    paths = [x.split(os.path.sep) for x in paths]
    root = {}
    for chunks in sorted(paths, key=len, reverse=True):
        node = root
        for chunk in chunks:
            node = node.setdefault(chunk, {})
        node.clear()

    rv = set()

    def _walk(node, path):
        for prefix, child in iteritems(node):
            _walk(child, path + (prefix,))
        if not node:
            rv.add("/".join(path))

    _walk(root, ())
    return rv


class ReloaderLoop(object):
    name = None

    # monkeypatched by testsuite. wrapping with `staticmethod` is required in
    # case time.sleep has been replaced by a non-c function (e.g. by
    # `eventlet.monkey_patch`) before we get here
    _sleep = staticmethod(time.sleep)

    def __init__(self, extra_files=None, interval=1):
        self.extra_files = set(os.path.abspath(x) for x in extra_files or ())
        self.interval = interval

    def run(self):
        pass

    def restart_with_reloader(self):
        """Spawn a new Python interpreter with the same arguments as this one,
        but running the reloader thread.
        """
        while 1:
            _log("info", " * Restarting with %s" % self.name)
            args = _get_args_for_reloading()

            # a weird bug on windows. sometimes unicode strings end up in the
            # environment and subprocess.call does not like this, encode them
            # to latin1 and continue.
            if os.name == "nt" and PY2:
                new_environ = {}
                for key, value in iteritems(os.environ):
                    if isinstance(key, text_type):
                        key = key.encode("iso-8859-1")
                    if isinstance(value, text_type):
                        value = value.encode("iso-8859-1")
                    new_environ[key] = value
            else:
                new_environ = os.environ.copy()

            new_environ["WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN"] = "true"
            exit_code = subprocess.call(args, env=new_environ, close_fds=False)
            if exit_code != 3:
                return exit_code

    def trigger_reload(self, filename):
        self.log_reload(filename)
        sys.exit(3)

    def log_reload(self, filename):
        filename = os.path.abspath(filename)
        _log("info", " * Detected change in %r, reloading" % filename)


class StatReloaderLoop(ReloaderLoop):
    name = "stat"

    def run(self):
        mtimes = {}
        while 1:
            for filename in chain(_iter_module_files(), self.extra_files):
                try:
                    mtime = os.stat(filename).st_mtime
                except OSError:
                    continue

                old_time = mtimes.get(filename)
                if old_time is None:
                    mtimes[filename] = mtime
                    continue
                elif mtime > old_time:
                    self.trigger_reload(filename)
            self._sleep(self.interval)


class WatchdogReloaderLoop(ReloaderLoop):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        ReloaderLoop.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)
        from watchdog.observers import Observer
        from watchdog.events import FileSystemEventHandler

        self.observable_paths = set()

        def _check_modification(filename):
            if filename in self.extra_files:
                self.trigger_reload(filename)
            dirname = os.path.dirname(filename)
            if dirname.startswith(tuple(self.observable_paths)):
                if filename.endswith((".pyc", ".pyo", ".py")):
                    self.trigger_reload(filename)

        class _CustomHandler(FileSystemEventHandler):
            def on_created(self, event):
                _check_modification(event.src_path)

            def on_modified(self, event):
                _check_modification(event.src_path)

            def on_moved(self, event):
                _check_modification(event.src_path)
                _check_modification(event.dest_path)

            def on_deleted(self, event):
                _check_modification(event.src_path)

        reloader_name = Observer.__name__.lower()
        if reloader_name.endswith("observer"):
            reloader_name = reloader_name[:-8]
        reloader_name += " reloader"

        self.name = reloader_name

        self.observer_class = Observer
        self.event_handler = _CustomHandler()
        self.should_reload = False

    def trigger_reload(self, filename):
        # This is called inside an event handler, which means throwing
        # SystemExit has no effect.
        # https://github.com/gorakhargosh/watchdog/issues/294
        self.should_reload = True
        self.log_reload(filename)

    def run(self):
        watches = {}
        observer = self.observer_class()
        observer.start()

        try:
            while not self.should_reload:
                to_delete = set(watches)
                paths = _find_observable_paths(self.extra_files)
                for path in paths:
                    if path not in watches:
                        try:
                            watches[path] = observer.schedule(
                                self.event_handler, path, recursive=True
                            )
                        except OSError:
                            # Clear this path from list of watches We don't want
                            # the same error message showing again in the next
                            # iteration.
                            watches[path] = None
                    to_delete.discard(path)
                for path in to_delete:
                    watch = watches.pop(path, None)
                    if watch is not None:
                        observer.unschedule(watch)
                self.observable_paths = paths
                self._sleep(self.interval)
        finally:
            observer.stop()
            observer.join()

        sys.exit(3)


reloader_loops = {"stat": StatReloaderLoop, "watchdog": WatchdogReloaderLoop}

try:
    __import__("watchdog.observers")
except ImportError:
    reloader_loops["auto"] = reloader_loops["stat"]
else:
    reloader_loops["auto"] = reloader_loops["watchdog"]


def ensure_echo_on():
    """Ensure that echo mode is enabled. Some tools such as PDB disable
    it which causes usability issues after reload."""
    # tcgetattr will fail if stdin isn't a tty
    if not sys.stdin.isatty():
        return
    try:
        import termios
    except ImportError:
        return
    attributes = termios.tcgetattr(sys.stdin)
    if not attributes[3] & termios.ECHO:
        attributes[3] |= termios.ECHO
        termios.tcsetattr(sys.stdin, termios.TCSANOW, attributes)


def run_with_reloader(main_func, extra_files=None, interval=1, reloader_type="auto"):
    """Run the given function in an independent python interpreter."""
    import signal

    reloader = reloader_loops[reloader_type](extra_files, interval)
    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda *args: sys.exit(0))
    try:
        if os.environ.get("WERKZEUG_RUN_MAIN") == "true":
            ensure_echo_on()
            t = threading.Thread(target=main_func, args=())
            t.setDaemon(True)
            t.start()
            reloader.run()
        else:
            sys.exit(reloader.restart_with_reloader())
    except KeyboardInterrupt:
        pass
